Infants expect ingroup support to override fairness when resources are limited

When fairness matters less than we expect.

Do those who allocate resources know how much fairness will matter to those who receive them? Across seven studies, allocators used either a fair or unfair procedure to determine which of two receivers would receive the most money. Allocators consistently overestimated the impact that the fairness of the allocation procedure would have on the happiness of receivers (studies 1-3). This happened ...

What do human infants expect when adults communicate to them?

While social learning and communication are both widespread in non-human animals, social learning by communication is probably human specific. Humans can and do transmit generic knowledge to each other about animal and artefact kinds, conventional behaviours to be used in specific situations, arbitrary referential symbols, cognitively opaque skills, and know-how embedded in means-end actions. T...

Minimizing Uncertainty in Semantic Identification When Computing Resources Are Limited

In this paper we examine the problem of automatic semantic identification of entities in multimedia documents from a computing point of view. Specifically, we identify as main points to consider the storage of the required knowledge and the computational complexity of the handling of the knowledge as well as of the actual identification process. In order to tackle the above we utilize (i) a spa...

Antibiotic stewardship: the "real world" when resources are limited.

Infants possess an abstract expectation of ingroup support.

One pervasive facet of human interactions is the tendency to favor ingroups over outgroups. Remarkably, this tendency has been observed even when individuals are assigned to minimal groups based on arbitrary markers. Why is mere categorization into a minimal group sufficient to elicit some degree of ingroup favoritism? We consider several accounts that have been proposed in answer to this quest...